I think to my Knowledge the practice of forced adoptions started in Australia and most European and English speaking countries growing then to most countries under different names such as exploitation child labour sex slavery and a new one.

  CHILD LAUNDERING..

The term “child laundering” expresses the claim that the current
inter country adoption system frequently takes children illegally from birth
parents, and then uses the official processes of the adoption and legal
systems to “launder” them as “legally” adopted children. Thus, the adoption
system treats children in a manner analogous to a criminal organization
engaged in money laundering, which obtains funds illegally but then
“launders” them through a legitimate business.1
The article title further claims that the adoption system both legitimizes
and incentivizes stealing, kidnaping, trafficking, and buying children. The
title does not claim that the adoption system explicitly authorizes these
pernicious practices, but rather claims that the adoption and legal systems
create incentives to engage in these destructive practices. In addition, the
legal rules and processes associated with adoption are clearly inadequate to
prevent these illicit practices from becoming a significant part of the
intercountry adoption system. Indeed, the legal rules of the adoption system
are systematically used to “launder” or legitimize these practices, by
processing as “orphans,” and then adoptees, infants and children who were
stolen, bought, or kidnaped from their birth families.
The claims made by this article are necessarily difficult to establish,
given the nature of the conduct in question. Those who traffic, buy, or steal
children for processing through the adoption system do not advertise their
illicit activities. Moreover, most within the adoption system, including
adoption agencies, adoptive parents, and sometimes even adoptees, have
motivations for minimizing or ignoring evidence of such conduct.
Nonetheless, child laundering within the intercountry adoption system is
becoming increasingly apparent, and the patterns are clear for those with
eyes willing to see. Hence, this article will seek to demonstrate, through
evidence, analysis, and the citation of a wide variety of sources, the
widespread existence of child laundering.
The implications of child laundering for the intercountry adoption
system are grave. Other forms of corruption within the intercountry
adoption system, such as bribery of government officials to facilitate the
speedy adoption of a true orphan or extra payoffs to an orphanage to secure
a ready supply of orphans, could be viewed by some as necessary or
peripheral evils toward a greater good. The good of providing orphans with
families could be viewed as justifying a broad variety of otherwise
116 THE WAYNE LAW REVIEW [Vol. 52:113
2. See, e.g., Elizabeth Bartholet, International Adoption: Current Status and Future
Prospects, 3 THE FUTURE OF CHILDREN 89, 96 (1993) (stating “[there is] no evidence that these practices are widespread, and it is quite unlikely that they are. 

 Full Article Here 

http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.693.3159&rep=rep1&type=pdf

Click the Country also for more stories.

 A

• Afghanistan
• The Challenges of Adopting Afghan Children
• https://genprogress.org/the-challenges-of-adopting-afghan-children/

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/697275/Afghanistan_-_Children_-_CPIN_-_v1.1__April_2018_.pdf

• Albania
• Human Trafficking and exploitation.
• https://www.antislaverycommissioner.co.uk/media/1263/vulnerability-to-human-trafficking-albania.pdf
• https://prishtinainsight.com/13687-2-mag/
• Argentina
• https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-29248974

https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/dec/27/child-argentinas-disappeared-new-family-identity

https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2017/03/17/nations-have-separated-children-from-parents-before-it-never-ends-well/?noredirect=on 

https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/dec/27/child-argentinas-disappeared-new-family-identity

• Armenia
• https://jam-news.net/armenias-children-with-disabilities-often-abandoned-rarely-adopted/
• http://armenianadoptionadventure.blogspot.com/2014/

• Australia

• Forced adoption in Australia was the practice of taking babies from unmarried mothers, against their will, and placing them for adoption. … Many of these adoptions occurred after the mothers were sent away by their families ‘due to the stigma associated with being pregnant and unmarried’.

  Why wont the uk and other countries agree with Australia ?
• http://forcedadoptions.naa.gov.au/content/overview-forced-adoption-practices-australia

https://www.rasa.org.au/forced-adoption-apology-anniversary/

B

          Bangladesh

http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.170.9492&rep=rep1&type=pdf

https://childhub.org/en/system/tdf/library/attachments/trafficking_of_women_oct07.pdf?file=1&type=node&id=17948

“Trafficking in children consists of all acts involved in the procurement, transportation, forced movement, and/or selling and buying of children within and/or across border by fraudulent means, deception, coercion, direct and/or indirect threats, abuse of authority, for the purpose of placing a woman against her will …

• Belgium
  

• Flemish parliament to apologise for forced adoptions.

• http://www.flanderstoday.eu/politics/flemish-parliament-apologise-forced-adoptions

• Bolivia
• https://www.theguardian.com/world/2000/jun/13/internationalcrime

• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• https://www.csce.gov/international-impact/press-and-media/statements/bosnia-herzegovina
• Brazil
• https://handacenter.stanford.edu/sites/g/files/sbiybj5951/f/publications/final_july_16_2018_natasha_dolby_wsd_handa_domestic_sex_trafficking_in_brazil.pdf
• Bulgaria
• http://www.againstchildtrafficking.org/2016/02/bodnariu-family-and-the-permanent-destruction-of-families/

C

Cambodia

• Cameroon
• https://www.diplomarbeiten24.de/document/349811 

• Canada

http://www.cbc.ca/player/play/1281578563717/

https://www.pbs.org/newshour/show/years-forced-adoptions-canada-pay-600-million-indigenous-people

https://www2.gov.bc.ca/gov/content/justice/criminal-justice/victims-of-crime/human-trafficking/human-trafficking-training/module-2/aboriginal-women

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/long_reads/canada-forced-adoption-scandal-baby-justin-trudeau-children-mothers-apologise-a8535061.html

https://www.cbc.ca/cbcdocspov/features/the-legacy-of-forced-adoption-300000-unmarried-canadian-women-had-to-give-u

https://canadiancrc.com/Butterbox-Babies_Killers-Child-Trafficking-Canada/Butterbox-Babies-Baby-killers-child-trafficking-selling-babies-Canada-adoption-story.aspx

• Central African Republic
• http://www.netnewsledger.com/2014/01/19/central-african-republic-up-to-6000-child-soldiers/
• Chad

http://www.saveaslave.com/drudge_country.php?name=Chad&lang=en

• Chile
• https://www.indiegogo.com/projects/children-of-chile-a-documentary-film#/

• Thousands of Chilean children were ‘stolen from their mothers and trafficked to the US, UK and other Western nations for adoption’ during the Pinochet dictatorship,

• https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-6504503/Thousands-Chilean-children-stolen-mothers-adopted-UK-Sweden.html

• China

https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3015603/chinese-police-free-more-1100-human-trafficking-victims-after

https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2013/sep/19/china-stolen-children

https://www.theatlantic.com/china/archive/2013/07/kidnapped-and-sold-inside-the-dark-world-of-child-trafficking-in-china/278107/

• Colombia
• RING IN COLUMBIA KIDNAPS CHILDREN FOR SALE ABROAD

• https://humantraffickingcenter.org/trafficking-children-actually-no-illegal-adoption-not-child-trafficking/

• Comoros
• https://2009-2017.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/countries/2013/215441.htm

• Congo, Democratic Republic of the
• A court in Belgium is investigating an orphanage for alleged abduction and trafficking of children from the Democratic Republic of Congo. Children were brought to Belgium and adopted by families who had been told they were orphans. … Hundreds of miles north of DR Congo’s capital, Kinshasa, is the village of Gemena.14 Aug 2019

• The children sent to a DR Congo ‘holiday camp’ never to come back.

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-48948774

https://www.christianpost.com/news/congo-releases-adopted-children-us-europe-2-year-wait.html

• Costa Rica

• http://www.saveaslave.com/drudge_country.php?name=Costa+Rica&lang=en

• Côte d’Ivoire

https://www.thenoproject.org/slavery/cocoa-slavery/

• https://borgenproject.org/child-labor-to-make-chocolate/

https://www.cocoalife.org/~/media/CocoaLife/en/download/article/FULL_REPORT_Cote_Ivoire_Mondelez_Embode_ChildrenattheHeart.pdf 

D

• Denmark
• https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2014/apr/30/denmarks-bans-nigerian-adoption-raid-baby-factory

• Djibouti

https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/djibouti

• Dominica
• Dominican Republic

https://worldofchildren.org/honoree/denisse-pichardo/

https://www.miamiherald.com/news/nation-world/world/americas/haiti/article191560479.html

E

• East Timor (Timor-Leste)

Children of Timor-Leste

• Ecuador
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_prostitution

• El Salvador

https://www.texasmonthly.com/news/whats-really-happening-asylum-seeking-families-separated/

• Equatorial Guinea
• current situation: Equatorial Guinea is a source country for children subjected to sex trafficking and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to forced labor; Equatorial Guinean girls may be encouraged by their parents to engage in the sex trade in urban centers to receive groceries, gifts, housing, and money; children are also trafficked from nearby countries for work as domestic servants, market laborers, ambulant vendors, and launderers; women are trafficked to Equatorial Guinea from Cameroon, Benin, other neighboring countries, and China for forced labor or prostitution
  tier rating: Tier 3 – Equatorial Guinea does not fully comply with the minimum standards on the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; in 2014, the government made no efforts to investigate or prosecute any suspected trafficking offenders or to identify or protect victims, despite its 2004 law prohibiting all forms of trafficking and mandating the provision of services to victims; undocumented migrants continued to be deported without being screened to assess whether any were trafficking victims; authorities did not undertake any trafficking awareness campaigns, implement any programs to address forced child labor, or make any other efforts to prevent trafficking (2015)
• Eritrea

current situation: Eritrea is a source country for men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes of forced labor domestically and, to a lesser extent, sex and labor trafficking abroad; the country’s national service program is often abused, with conscripts detained indefinitely and subjected to forced labor; Eritrean migrants, often fleeing national service, face strict exit control procedures and limited access to passports and visas, making them vulnerable to trafficking; Eritrean secondary school children are required to take part in public works projects during their summer breaks and must attend military and educational camp in their final year to obtain a high school graduation certificate and to gain access to higher education and some jobs; some Eritreans living in or near refugee camps, particularly in Sudan, are kidnapped by criminal groups and held for ransom in the Sinai Peninsula and Libya, where they are subjected to forced labor and abuse
tier rating: Tier 3 – Eritrea does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government failed to investigate or prosecute any trafficking offenses or to identify or protect any victims; while the government continued to warn citizens of the dangers of human trafficking through awareness-raising events and poster campaigns, authorities lacked an understanding of the crime, conflating trafficking with transnational migration; Eritrea is not a party to the 2000 UN TIP Protocol (2015)

F

Fiji

• CL_research_final04022011_small

• Finland
• http://childprotectionresource.online/tag/forced-adoption/

Introduction

G

• The Gambia

https://www1.essex.ac.uk/armedcon/story_id/000096.pdf

• Georgia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Georgia_(U.S._state)

• Germany

Kidnapping of children by Nazi Germany

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidnapping_of_children_by_Nazi_Germany

German families torn apart by forced adoptions during the cold war are still looking for answers – and their lost relatives

• Ghana

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/17/unicef-300000-children-migrating-solo-nearly-fivefold/

• Greece

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-24613781

https://euobserver.com/investigations/131625

http://www.lse.ac.uk/europeaninstitute/research/hellenicobservatory/pdf/3rd_symposium/papers/lymouris_nikolaos.pdf

• Grenada

https://www.oas.org/es/mesecvi/docs/MESECVI-I-CE-doc.20.ing.Grenada%20Report.pdf

• Guatemala

Guatemala is a source, transit, and destination country for Guatemalans and Central Americans trafficked for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor. Human trafficking is a significant and growing problem in the country, particularly the exploitation of children in prostitution. Guatemalan women and children are trafficked within the country, and to Mexico and the United States, for commercial sexual exploitation. NGOs report nascent child sex tourism in certain tourist areas such as Antigua and Guatemala City. Young Guatemalan girls are also subject to forced labor within the country as domestic servants. Guatemalan men, women, and children are trafficked within the country, as well as to Mexico and the United States, for forced labor, particularly in agriculture. In the Mexican border area, Guatemalan children are exploited for forced begging on streets and forced labor in municipal dumps; Guatemalan men, women, and children are trafficked for forced agricultural work, particularly on coffee plantations. Guatemala is a destination country for victims from El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua, trafficked for the purpose of commercial sexual exploitation. Border areas with Mexico and Belize remain a top concern due to the heavy flow of undocumented migrants, many of whom fall victim to traffickers.

https://www.refworld.org/docid/4a4214b8c.html

H

• Haiti

https://www.bu.edu/law/files/2015/08/englishcurriculahaitian.pdf

• Honduras

https://www.texasmonthly.com/news/whats-really-happening-asylum-seeking-families-separated/

• I

• India

https://www.amazon.co.uk/Goodbye-Ruby-Akhtar-Timothy-Spearman/dp/1787191990

https://www.news18.com/news/india/its-so-common-for-haryanas-men-to-buy-and-sell-wives-that-no-one-cares-anymore-1824341.html

https://www.youthkiawaaz.com/2018/06/india-against-human-trafficking/

• Indonesia

https://www.solidaritycenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/IndoTraffickingCOMPILED-1.pdf

• Iran

https://www.ecpat.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Child%20Marriage_ENG.pdf

• Iraq

https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2017/nov/14/catastrophic-iraq-law-could-legalise-marriage-for-children-as-young-as-nine

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/yezidis-sinjar-massacre-rape-iraq-isis-fighters-children-a9037126.html

• Ireland

Law forcing mothers to adopt their own children is quashed

https://www.irishtimes.com/news/crime-and-law/law-forcing-mothers-to-adopt-their-own-children-is-quashed-1.3160446

https://www.icl-journal.com/media/ICL_Thesis_Vol_9_2_15.pdf

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/ireland/10621970/Real-life-Philomena-calls-on-Vatican-to-open-files-on-forced-adoptions.html

PART ONE

Background
When the Irish Free State was founded after the War of Independence and a brief civil war in 1922, the Catholic Church already owned and ran a network of  institutions to deal with all aspects of social life in Ireland. Industrial schools, public primary and secondary schools, hospitals, Magdalene Laundries and mental hospitals all fell under the Catholic Churches control as they finally won the sectarian war for converts and souls which had been raging with the Protestant churches since about 1800. The ‘problem’ of single, unmarried mother was dealt with by a network of church run institutions which existed across the country. By far the largest was Saint Patrick’s Mother & Baby home on the Navan Road on the outskirts of the capital, Dublin. Over the years, homes of various sizes from large converted Manor Houses down to privately owned nursing homes in mid-sized terraced houses existed as need dictated across the country. Sinners would be hidden behind High Walls. People with special needs, orphans, even high spirited teenagers, and other minority groups, became de
facto prisoners of a deeply judgemental, self righteous and arrogant church
obsessed with sex and it’s regulation.

http://cf.broadsheet.ie/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Report-into-adoption-practises-in-Ireland-since-1922.pdf

• Italy

http://www.leonde.org/matrifor/progetto/3.pdf

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/children-brainwash-electroshock-sell-foster-parents-italy-police-arrests-a8978891.html

J

• Jamaica

https://www.unicef.org/jamaica/UNICEF_20180618_SituationAnalysis_web.pdf

• Jordan

http://www.tipheroes.org/media/1534/an-analytic-review-of-jordanian-legislation-related-to-anti-trafficking.pdf

K

• Kazakhstan

• Kenya

• https://www.omct.org/files/2005/09/3070/alt_report_on_violence_against_women_children_kenya.pdf
•  
• Korea, North

https://www.hrnk.org/uploads/pdfs/Lives_for_Sale.pdf

• Kosovo

http://www.childtrafficking.org/pdf/user/stc_child_trafficking_in_kosovo.pdf

• Kuwait

https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/54c236a34.pdf

• Kyrgyzstan

https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/05/28/kyrgyzstan-pressure-builds-protect-women-and-girls

L

• Latvia

https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2015/mar/09/latvia-complains-to-uk-parliament-over-forced-adoptions

https://www.ecpat.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/A4A2017_EU_LATVIA_FINAL.pdf

https://www.terredeshommes.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/commodities.pdf

• Liechtenstein

https://reliefweb.int/report/world/armed-groups-government-forces-continue-wielding-sexual-violence-tool-war-despite

• Lithuania

https://slideplayer.com/slide/3506853/

https://ec.europa.eu/anti-trafficking/sites/antitrafficking/files/situation_of_trafficking_in_human_beings_in_lithuania_summary_report_2006_lt_1.pdf

M

• Madagascar

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/23322705.2015.1111709?scroll=top&needAccess=true&journalCode=uhmt20

https://www.omct.org/files/2003/09/2117/madagascar_09_2003_en.pdf

• Malawi

http://www.socialserviceworkforce.org/system/files/resource/files/Protecting%20Children%20in%20Malawi%20-%20A%20report%20on%20the%20major%20findings%20of%20the%20mapping%20and%20assessment%20of%20the%20NCPS.pdf

• Malaysia

https://reliefweb.int/report/world/security-council-condemns-human-trafficking-strongest-terms-unanimously-adopting

• Mauritius

Mauritius

• https://www.upr-info.org/followup/assessments/session17/mauritius/MIA-Mauritius.pdf

• Mexico

http://hipmamazine.com/nina-packebush-the-orphan-hunters/

MEXICO – Sex Trafficking – A Family Business: Testimony of a sex trafficker

• Moldova

http://www.ceecis.org/child_protection/PDF/mold_donorkittraff.pdf

Morocco

https://jackiez1.typepad.com/blog/human-trafficking/page/4/

• Mongolia

https://www.unicef.org/mongolia/unicef_sitan_english_final.pdf

https://violenceagainstchildren.un.org/content/legal-ban-violence-against-children

• Myanmar (Burma)

https://www.unodc.org/documents/southeastasiaandpacific/Publications/2017/Trafficking_in_persons_to_Thailand_report.pdf

http://martinjames.foundation/docs/MYANMAR.pdf

http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs08/Feeling_Small.pdf

N

• Namibia

https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/Treaties/CRC/Shared%20Documents/NAM/INT_CRC_NGO_NAM_61_9723_E.pdf

• Nauru

https://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-02-17/lewis-babies-of-asylum-seekers-have-stirred-our-conscience/7175138

• Nepal

http://www.ccwb.gov.np/uploads/Resource/CCWB%20Publication/report/State%20Of%20Children%20In%20Nepal%202017%20%7BEnglish%20Version%7D.pdf

• Netherlands

https://www.terredeshommes.nl/sites/tdh/files/uploads/tdh_2017_report_sale_of_children.pdf

https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Children/SR/25YearsMandate.pdf

https://researchingreform.net/category/researching-reform/page/9/

• New Zealand

https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/113395638/new-zealands-own-stolen-generation-the-babies-taken-by-oranga-tamariki

https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=12049018

https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/113214142/child-marriage-in-nz-teenage-brides-grooms-given-visas-to-live-with-nzbased-spouses

•  Nigeria

https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/africainvestigates/2015/12/nigeria-baby-farmers-151202123224095.html

• North Macedonia

https://rm.coe.int/16806c0639

https://ec.europa.eu/neighbourhood-enlargement/sites/near/files/20190529-north-macedonia-report.pdf

https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/beyond-trafficking-and-slavery/child-trafficking-what-are-we-really-talking-about/

• Norway

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/norways_hidden_scandal

https://sciencenordic.com/children-society–culture/protests-mount-against-norwegian-child-welfare-service/1453943

https://www.thelocal.no/20151008/czechs-disinvite-norway-envoy-over-forced-adoption

P

• Pakistan

https://www.forbes.com/sites/rogerscruton/2014/08/30/why-did-british-police-ignore-pakistani-gangs-raping-rotherham-children-political-correctness/

https://pennyappeal.org/appeal/forgotten-children

•  
• Papua New Guinea

Children of Papua New Guinea

https://www.abc.net.au/news/2018-09-27/children-for-sale-in-papua-new-guinea/10312350?pfmredir=sm

https://www.abc.net.au/news/2019-05-05/refugee-caseworkers-in-png-told-to-falsify-reports-for-australia/11062160

• Paraguay

http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2016/578023/EXPO_STU(2016)578023_EN.pdf

https://www.ecpat.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Regional%20CSEC%20Overview_Latin%20America%20(English).pdf

http://poundpuplegacy.org/node/20817

• Philippines

https://www.ecpat.org/wp-content/uploads/legacy/Factsheet_Philippines.pdf

News

•  
• Portugal

The Judgment of the European Court against Portugal – Soares de Melo

Q

• Qatar

https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=21656&LangID=E

R

• Romania

http://sufferinginromania.weebly.com/the-children.html

https://ec.europa.eu/anti-trafficking/sites/antitrafficking/files/child-trafficking-09-romania_en_5.pdf

• Russia

• https://www.itv.com/news/2017-09-11/the-most-harrowing-story-of-human-trafficking-ive-ever-heard/

• Rwanda

https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/5448a85f0.pdf

https://www.equaltimes.org/does-deinstitutionalisation-offer?lang=en#.XYS9zUZKhPY

S

• Saint Kitts and Nevis

https://www.unicef.org/easterncaribbean/ECAO_St._Kitts_Sitan_2017.pdf

• Saint Lucia

https://www.refworld.org/docid/50b4a7c62.html

https://www.icmec.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Saint-Lucia_May-2019.pdf

• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor/st-vincent-and-grenadines

• Samoa

https://www.unicef.org/pacificislands/Samoa_sitan.pdf

• Senegal

https://www.hrw.org/news/2016/07/28/senegal-new-steps-protect-talibes-street-children

• Serbia

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287045818_Modern_Slavery_-_Trafficking_in_human_beings_in_Serbia

http://www.childpact.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/CPI-Serbia.pdf

• Seychelles

http://home.crin.org/

• Sierra Leone

https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Performance-Evaluation-of-World-Hope-Internationals-WHI-Recovery-Center-for-Survivors-of-Human-Trafficking-Project-in-Sierra-Leone-.pdf

https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2091&context=ilj

• Singapore

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/asian-journal-of-international-law/article/impact-of-human-trafficking-in-asean-singapore-as-a-casestudy/3C806E18F4D995EDF0C7111BFF13637B

https://www.ecpat.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/a4a_v2_eap_singapore_2nd_edition.pdf

https://jackiez1.typepad.com/blog/human-trafficking/page/4/

• Slovakia

https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/5c52c5e97.pdf

http://www.ccarht.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/CT-RENATE-Mapping-Exercise-Child-Trafficking-in-Europe-Pdf-Published-2019.pdf

• Slovenia

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15614263.2017.1291562?tokenDomain=eprints&tokenAccess=nSzxIC6d6wVAu9g9fQyT&forwardService=showFullText&doi=10.1080%2F15614263.2017.1291562&doi=10.1080%2F15614263.2017.1291562&journalCode=gppr20

• Solomon Islands

https://www.iom.int/countries/solomon-islands

• South Africa

https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/d992/90603a4eb1c832314ee1fec1879839a8fe97.pdf

• Spain

https://www.dw.com/en/spains-first-stolen-babies-trial-begins-against-gynecologist/a-44398336

• https://nationalpost.com/news/spanish-nun-accused-of-stealing-babies-in-another-forced-adoption-scandal

https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/real-life-stories/millionaire-helping-pregnant-women-flee-3850505

•  
• Sri Lanka

https://liveencounters.net/archives-contributors-2/not-for-sale/human-slavery-india-children-as-young-as-6-years-old-sold-for-25/

https://editorialexpress.com/cgi-bin/conference/download.cgi?db_name=IAFFE2011&paper_id=75

• Switzerland

https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/comment/the-real-story-behind-forced-adoptions-10408306.html

https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-29765623

https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/dec/27/child-argentinas-disappeared-new-family-identity

• Syria

T

• Taiwan

https://www.theatlantic.com/china/archive/2013/07/kidnapped-and-sold-inside-the-dark-world-of-child-trafficking-in-china/278107/

• Tajikistan

• Tanzania
• Thailand
• Togo
• Tonga
• Trinidad and Tobago
• Tunisia
• Turkey
• Turkmenistan
• Tuvalu

U

• Uganda
• Ukraine
• United Arab Emirates
• United Kingdom
• https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/feb/27/britains-child-migrant-programme-why-130000-children-were-shipped-abroad
• United States
• Uruguay
• Uzbekistan

V

• Vanuatu
• Vatican City
• Venezuela
• Vietnam

Y

• Yemen

Z

• Zambia
• Zimbabwe

More Resources.

https://www.scotsman.com/news/politics/new-bill-will-strengthen-children-s-rights-in-family-law-court-cases-1-4995955

Lawsuit Claims Forced Adoption Breaches Legislation

Child Protection Sector Harms Children’s Mental Health.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1758-5899.2009.00001.x

Top Human Rights Court Rules Forced Adoption Violates Right To Family Life